我的天

The most things I can't bear is that the College of Food and Science can't allow all the freshman to bring computer the first year. What rule is that! How can they do so! Because they afraid the freshman can't control them will lose their heart in surf online or play computer games. But even though the freshman can't control, will they affirm the old students can control? How funny this answer is! Even in Senior Three, I still surf online, but now my life is …

After Final Examination, I used to write my dairy online. Everyday whatever it is difficult, I will stick to write. A lot of student do that, that kind of thing called "blog"(a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies; a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations), when I start my first essay I had swear to myself, I must continual to do this, no matter how difficulty I met. I don't want to break my commitment, eat my words! But the real life tell me, you can't! Every weekend I have to go home and type my dailies into computer, I have to type five passage or more! Terrible! How much time I have to spend! And how boring it is! But if I do it everyday, I just need to use 15 minutes. The big problem is that I have no computer. When I didn't start my blog, I didn't like writing or communicating at all. But now, because of blog, I completely changed. Now my blog has more than 200 essays, all of that narrate my colorful life. That's my valuable memory. It evidence my grown up. If I still do it all my life, think about it, after 30 years or more, I pick it up and review, what feeling I will have? Or you will say, just a daily, why not just write in papers? Because write them on blog, your experience can share with many more people. Sharing your life with other, isn't good? And your experiences maybe really can help others, your knowledge need us to share. If we know share, our life will become more comfortable.

The thing I can't bear is that, why the South China Agricultural University must separate the web in China and in foreign countries? If I want to surf the web of foreign country I have to have special request, and have to pay more, why? Internet, what's the meaning of Internet? (Internet [the meaning from Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary-Extended fourth edition]: international computer network, which consist of a large number of individual computers and computer systems, connected by telecommunications circuits.国际互联网，因特网) But in our school, can it be international? Some people said the students in South China Agricultural University are old style person. Now maybe I know the reason. Because of too less chances to communicate with the world. Even we are agricultural school, but why can't we change the "Tu Bao Zi" called? I think the first step we must change the thought of the leading group.

Though I just a girl, and my course is Food and Science. I am still be eager to have computer and can surf in foreign website. It just a little request why not comes true??? I am an adult, but why not believe me??? The entire computer projects just become a cat with gloves. In a word, it broke my heart.

When I was a high school student, I was very eager to be a college student, in my opinion, they would have more free time, they could control their lives, as they liked. But the fact tells me; it’s just a beautiful.

As a freshman of Food and Science, I have to face my life very hard. I have 33 classes a week, but others just have 20 or less. Everyday the only thing I can do is having class, previewing and reviewing lessons, do my homework. I even don’t have a free time to do my favorite thing-learning Spanish. When I found no time to satisfy my basic need- every night has to go to bed at 12:00, but other said they were very bored, because of too less classes. These words just like a heavy sinker knock on me, why we are so different? Everyday I go to have class with morning sun shine, they are playing, every night in the dark I have to sit at the desk to finish my homework or preview and review my lessons, they are still playing. I cry, because of too many classes, they cry too, but for too few classes. For me, be fortunate or not?

I always tell myself, you must face the music; easy job won’t instead of my college lessons. I just can live in misery; I don’t know whether I will famous or just a common person. I have no choices. Now I know all the happiness in read comprehension and in others’ words are lies, whether they are true or not to others I don’t know, but to me, all of those are just white lies, never come true. In my dream, the college life is heaven, but actually it is just an endless hell.

What life I have now!!! (To be continual)

Whether you will believe or not, my first experience of online chatting was very magic. I won’t forget it all of my life, and I will very proud of that, though maybe it was really very funny.
I don’t know Spanish, and the people chatted with me don’t know English. She is in Zaragoza, Spain. We both had to use translate machine, I translated English into Spanish, and she did the opposite thing. Though it really very discommodious, we had the same habit. So the language wasn’t a problem at all. On the contrary, it became a bridge to link us together. MSN Message is a live chatting machine, but China and Spain have different time zone, and is 6 hours. So I had to get up 4 o’clock in morning to meet my friends.

That is all my experience of online chatting.

三、西关建筑与文化

如今走进这些古老的建筑，总会把破旧的形容词与它联系，事实上又如何呢？只有在我们真正了解了它的文化背景后，才能感受到它巨大的魅力。

礼仪家教：

在这些书香世代的大家族里，人们对光耀门楣是十分重视的。这可以从大门上瓷雕的图案，如：牡丹、喜鹊、梅花、蝙蝠等，还有毛笔、香炉，可见他们对后代寄予了极大的托付。而香炉，则有两种意义：一、是拜祭祖先，希望后代不要忘记祖先的付出，好好学习；二、是一种“重男轻女”的封建思想，希望有男丁继后香火。祖先有云：“不孝有三，无后为大。”中国人在这种封建思想的长期熏染下，即使后来受到外来文化影响最早的广州，却始终不能完全摆脱这种观念。

趟栊门：

在西关的建筑中，一向倍受瞩目的，就是趟栊门。简简单单的几条木柱就包括了我国建筑的精华。这趟栊门不像现在的门那样密封，看来当时人们之间是十分信赖的，社会也很稳定。但一横一横极其高的木柱，则体现了西关人那种高傲、眼角高的性格。（特别是有钱人）

西关人性格的形成：

别看这趟栊门通风透气，但整个大屋里却是很密封的。屋里没有直接的窗户，只有两个小小的通气口，上面搭个棚，下雨时可以遮些雨，但当屋里乌烟密布就挺难散出去了，所以当你走进西关大屋时，总会觉得很闷，喘不过气来。也许这就决定了西关人的寒酸、市侩。宽阔的大屋内，人们可以打打麻将，聊聊天，西关人也爱串家门，但却不爱让别人到自己家里来。可见他们也是很爱热闹不爱静的性格。

然而一些典型的小市民性格，在一些穷苦人家中更能体现。像那深入、阴暗的竹筒屋，恰是西关人心胸狭窄，斤斤计较的体现。

西关文化的现状：

但毕竟西关人家已经越来越少，而且很多传统的西关建筑已经被现代化建筑所取代。除了少数被引为文物保护单位外，其它都被拆除或重新修葺，已找不到旧西关的那种韵味了。可西关人还在，他们那种市侩、吝啬、聪明、爱热闹的性格至今仍没改变，也许哪天当你经过西关小巷，还能听见“落雨大，水浸街”的儿歌，看见那些正在为别人拔汗毛的老婆婆，尝到那诱人的“飞机榄”。

四、后记

通过窗口我们视线可以接触多少世界呢？相信每一个都会说：“很少。”但通过研究性学习，我们跳出生活的小圈子，用“小眼”看“大世界”。这不但使我们了解广州历史，更重要的是跳出“主观看世界”的有色框框，客观辨证地看待文化。

毛泽东主席曾经说过“不熟悉生活，对于所论的矛盾不真正了解，就不可能有中肯的分析”。这次对“西关建筑文化”的研究让我们领会到广州文化的源远流长，让我们体会到以往的无知与浅薄，不能单靠主观妄下定论。客观性是调查研究的最基本要求，我们在研究时也慢慢形成了“尊重客观事实，坚持实事求是”的原则，这对于我们今后的生活、学习、工作起着规范作用。

广州的文化也有着两面性，即不可单凭缺点把其一概否定；亦不可照单全收。鲁迅的“拿来主义”正好概括了“拿来”的方法“运用脑髓，放出眼光，自己来拿”。这强调了批判地吸收文化的重要性。继承是容易的，但继承的目的是在于发扬和制造，据我们了解世界的许多文化都渐渐地熄微，这并不是继承的时候出错了，只是失去发扬，创造的机会。正如儒家的学说有了孟子的发扬才流传千古。所以我们现在所关心的就是广州文化是否能代代流颂。为此，我们才定下了以“西关建筑体现广州文化”作为这次研究性学习的课题，因为我们相信，只有我们的关注，才能让“广州文化”这长明灯真正的长明不熄。

参考资料：

⒈www.lwnet.gz.gov.cn 西关民俗馆

⒉www.lwa.com.cn 荔湾政府网

⒊《广州建筑》

⒋西关博物馆

⒌《广州历史——近代篇》

⒍《广州地理考察》

⒎《广州地理》

                                                                                                                                  （完）

西关大屋：

年，优越的地理环境，具有独特的民族风情，古老的西关大屋和神奇的园林景色。广州西关解放前是富商巨贾聚居的地方，俗语云：“有权有势住东山，有钱无势住西关，无钱无势住河南。”确实对广州解放前居住人群的高度概括，西关即今天荔湾区，解放前叫“西关角”，因位于广州城区西南面而得名。

西关大屋的平面布局基本上是向纵深方向发展，但门面阔大于竹筒屋，结构一般为三间两廊，左右对称，中间为主厅堂，中轴线由前而后，依次为门廊、门厅（门官厅）、轿厅（茶厅）、正厅（大厅、神厅）、头房（长辈房）、二厅（饭厅）、二房（尾房）。每厅为一进，厅之间用小天井隔开，天井上加小屋盖，以天窗、水窗采光通风。正厅两旁有书房，偏厅、卧室和楼梯间，最后是厨房。门厅右边没有一个小庭院，与厅堂互相渗透，栽种花木，布置假山、鱼池之类，供茶余饭后小憩观赏，庭院后部是孩子的书房。大屋两侧各有一条长廊，俗称“青云巷”。

西关大屋一般设置三重门：矮脚吊扇门、趟栊、硬木大门，以作通风、安全的保证。门洞两侧是高级水磨青砖墙，高雅大方。室内装修和陈设十分讲究，窗口形式多为满洲花窗和槛窗配上精巧雅致的木雕花饰，镶嵌彩色玻璃或书画图案，摆设名贵典雅的红木家具，显得古色古香。四壁悬挂名人字画，诗词对联多嵌于红木镜框内，窗口上摆放盆景，题名托意，风流儒雅。地面多铺几何图形水泥花阶砖，洁净清雅，处处散发出浓郁的岭南风味。这就是清末民初的广州富贵之家。

以下是西关大屋的一些细节的介绍：

外：1、西关大屋的立面构成有着浓郁的岭南地方特色，檐口处设陶质勾头瓦，檐下搁吊一块俗称“花荏”的雕刻着花鸟带形图案的木材檐板，典雅而气派。

    2、西关石板街，多以花岗岩（麻石）铺成，坚实、光滑。昔日，西关人穿着木屐走在街上，发出有节奏的响声，成为极富西关特色的西关生活场景。

    3、西关大屋室外硬山顶的山墙部分，习惯沿屋面两边画上一条宽约300mm左右的黑底白花的卷草彩画，其中白花部分为灰批浮雕，俗称“扫乌烟、花草尾”，又名“屋尾花”。

    4、西关大屋屋顶又称人字顶，采用绿筒瓦硬人顶，每一顶下即为一进，其建筑结构严格遵循建筑学原理，即坚固耐用，又美观大方。

    5、西关大屋正面外墙惯例贴砌“绿豆青”水磨大青砖和白色花岗岩石板墙裙，俗称“青砖石脚”，具有防潮和保护临街而美观的作用。

内：整间大屋利用小院、天井、敞口厅、青云巷、天窗、满洲窗等组织穿堂风，夏日特别阴凉。

1、  天窗是设在坡屋顶上，较为特别的窗子，靠垂吊下来的绳子拉动启闭。该窗采用杉木直窗棂；嵌上半通明的云母片做明瓦，再配上木滑轮和木轨道而成。兼有采光、通风双重作用。

2、  西关大的地天台凉亭，日常晒晾、乘凉，载花及中秋赏月等活动都在此进行，极具使用价值。

3、  西关大屋内的天井习惯采用花岗石地面，多为方形，去水孔常雕凿成金钱图案形状，与旧时迷信“水为财”有关，同时兼有隔栅功能。

4、  西关大屋的青云巷，直通大屋层端，具有交通（女眷及婢仆出入）、通风、采光、排水、防火、晒晾等多种功能，取“平步青云”之意。

5、  西关大屋的书房前一般设有一个清静的小庭院，内部种植各种各样名贵花木，多栽植在一米左右高的砖砌基上，有意让植株的枝叶能尽快伸出墙外以接采更多的阳光和美化环境。

6、  西关大屋的木楼梯，总步级数习惯取单不争双，梯位一般用西式木栏杆，光洁而高雅。

7、  西关大屋的正门三件头，脚门是四扇对开的小折门，防止外部视线干扰，趟栊是栅栏式的拉门，可防盗通风，大门坚固，厚重，是大屋的主要关防。

8、  脚门：一种高约1.7米左右的轻巧四扇对开的小拆门，其上部有各种各样图案的木雕通花，雕刻葡萄或松鼠石榴花，精巧别致，每户都不相同。

9、  趟栊：由4~5cm直径木圆条横排组成，根数取单不争双，最上面的两根棍是固定在木门框上作为上部轨道用，木框雕刻极为讲究，典雅气派。